This heading covers assessment that begins with a gynecological examination and tests, screening and diagnostic procedures, and medical or surgical treatment when needed. Menstrual irregularities, abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, vaginal discharge and masses found on examination or ultrasound are the main topics assessed. Polycystic ovary syndrome, vaginal infections and menopausal complaints are also addressed within this scope. The following topics are described in detail under their own headings:
- Laparoscopic (keyhole) and open surgery
- Uterine fibroid treatment
- Ovarian cysts
- Endometrioma (chocolate cyst) and endometriosis
- Urinary incontinence
- Cystocele (bladder prolapse), uterine prolapse, rectocele and enterocele
- Pap smear test, HPV testing and follow-up, colposcopy
- Endometrial biopsy
Assessment
When the complaint started and how it has progressed, the menstrual pattern, pregnancy plans and previous surgery are discussed. A gynecological examination and ultrasound form the basis of the assessment. Where needed, further tests such as blood tests, cervical cancer screening (HPV test and smear), a biopsy or MRI are requested.
Approach to treatment
Not every finding requires treatment. Some conditions are monitored with regular check-ups, and in others medication is sufficient. Surgery is considered when complaints persist, when other options are unsuitable or when the nature of the finding requires it. Planning takes into account age, how much the complaints affect daily life and the wish for pregnancy.
